Lithium batteries, especially LiFePO4 batteries, offer high energy density, long cycle life, low maintenance, and fast charging capabilities. Yet they also come with higher upfront costs, potential thermal runaway risks, recycling challenges, and performance limits in extreme. . Utilities around the world have ramped up their storage capabilities using li-ion supersized batteries, huge packs which can store anywhere between 100 to 800 megawatts (MW) of energy. Integral to devices we use daily, these batteries store almost twice the energy of their nickel-cadmium counterparts, rendering them indispensable for industries. . In the rapidly evolving landscape of renewable energy, battery energy storage (BES) has emerged as a pivotal technology, enabling a more sustainable and resilient energy system. As energy demands grow and the need for reliable, clean energy sources intensifies, understanding the advantages and. . Lithium-ion batteries are fast and powerful for grid balancing but are expensive, wear out, and carry fire risks.