4 FAQs about Financing solution for waterproof inverter cabinets used in oil refineries

Should oil and gas projects be refinanced at a later juncture?

As noted in a number of sections above, it is not uncommon for the financing of an oil and gas project to contemplate or even incentivise refinancings at a later juncture through step-up adjustments to margin over time (a margin "ratchet") and often using alternative financing structures.

Which oil & gas companies are based on proven oil and gas reserves?

Based on proved oil and gas reserves, 17 of the top 20 oil and gas companies in the world are NOCs with IOCs controlling less than 10% of the world's proven oil and gas resources base. NOCs are looking at increasingly flexible means of structuring the monetisation of their upstream resources while also instigating downstream activities.

How do borrowers use alternative funding sources?

Hence borrowers have to maximise the use of alternative funding sources including through securitisations, US private placements, sovereign wealth fund investments, ECAs, DFIs, multilateral agencies, bonds and the high yield market (see also Practice note, Types of lending: alternative finance: Energy and mining projects).

Can project bonds be used to refinance loan facilities?

Project bonds have been used to refinance loan facilities in the midstream and upstream sectors, including, for example, in relation to the Dolphin Energy pipeline between the United Arab Emirates and Qatar and also by the Delek and Avner sponsors on the Tamar gas field in Israel.

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